![]() ![]() The bacterial equilibrium position varies at different stages of formation. Those microorganisms nearest the tooth surface typically obtain energy by fermenting dietary sucrose during fermentation they begin to produce acids. However, failure to remove plaque by regular tooth-brushing allows them to proliferate unchecked and thereby build up in a thick layer, which can by virtue of their ordinary metabolism cause any of various dental diseases for the host. These microorganisms all occur naturally in the oral cavity and are normally harmless. (Sucrose is the only sugar that bacteria can use to form this sticky polysaccharide). Streptococcus mutans uses the enzyme glucansucrase to convert sucrose into a sticky, extracellular, dextran-based polysaccharide that allows the bacteria to cohere, forming plaque. mutans and other anaerobes are the initial colonisers of the tooth surface, and play a major role in the establishment of the early biofilm community. Examples of such anaerobes include fusobacterium and actinobacteria. The bulk of the microorganisms that form the biofilm are Streptococcus mutans and other anaerobes, though the precise composition varies by location in the mouth. While 70% of the dry weight is bacteria, the remaining 30% consists of polysaccharides and glycoproteins. Approximately 80–90% of the weight of plaque is water. These bacteria, as well as leukocytes, neutrophils, macrophages, and lymphocytes, are part of the normal oral cavity and contribute to the individual's health. Simple description of the different steps involved in plaque formation Components of plaque ĭifferent types of bacteria are normally present in the mouth. The following table provides a more detailed (six-step) explanation of biofilm formation: Bacteria then attach to the pellicle layer, form micro-colonies, and mature on the tooth, which can result in oral diseases. An acquired pellicle is a layer of saliva that is composed of mainly glycoproteins and forms shortly after cleaning of the teeth or exposure of new teeth. Understanding the formation, composition and characteristics of plaque helps in its control. Plaque formation ĭental plaque is a biofilm that attaches to tooth surfaces, restorations and prosthetic appliances (including dentures and bridges) if left undisturbed. Calculus cannot be removed through tooth brushing or with interdental aids, but only through professional cleaning. Oral hygiene is important as dental biofilms may become acidic causing demineralization of the teeth (also known as dental caries) or harden into dental calculus (also known as tartar). Plaque control and removal can be achieved with correct daily or twice-daily tooth brushing and use of interdental aids such as dental floss and interdental brushes. Progression and build-up of dental plaque can give rise to tooth decay – the localised destruction of the tissues of the tooth by acid produced from the bacterial degradation of fermentable sugar – and periodontal problems such as gingivitis and periodontitis hence it is important to disrupt the mass of bacteria and remove it. Bacterial plaque is one of the major causes for dental decay and gum disease. Dental plaque is also known as microbial plaque, oral biofilm, dental biofilm, dental plaque biofilm or bacterial plaque biofilm. It is commonly found between the teeth, on the front of teeth, behind teeth, on chewing surfaces, along the gumline (supragingival), or below the gumline cervical margins (subgingival). It is a sticky colorless deposit at first, but when it forms tartar, it is often brown or pale yellow. Biofilm of microorganisms that grows on teethĭental plaque is a biofilm of microorganisms (mostly bacteria, but also fungi) that grows on surfaces within the mouth. ![]()
0 Comments
Leave a Reply. |
AuthorWrite something about yourself. No need to be fancy, just an overview. ArchivesCategories |